How to Subtract Negative Numbers

ElevatEd
Math
June 18, 2025

Suppose you are playing a game in which you are going forward and backward on a number line. Subtracting negative numbers is going backward, then you notice you are going forward - it's a math surprise! Although it may be confusing at first, subtracting negatives is easy once you know the rules. For parents and 1-12 students, discovering rules for subtracting negatives and how to subtract negative numbers from positive numbers can de-mystify math and make it fun.

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In this article, we will talk about the definition of negative numbers, the rules for subtracting negative numbers, and other related information to simplify the concept for you. We have also addressed some common frequently asked questions in the end.

What are Negative Numbers?

Negative numbers are integers below zero and are represented by a minus sign (e.g., -3, -7). They are to the left of zero on the number line. Negative numbers are employed to show such things as debt, temperatures dropping, and below sea level.

Rules for Subtracting Negative Numbers

Removing negative numbers has a straightforward rule:

Reverse the sign of the second number and also reverse the subtraction sign to an addition sign.

Why Does This Work?

Subtracting a negative number is the same as adding its positive equivalent because of the "double negative" rule.

For instance:

5 − (−3) = 5 + 3 = 8

Step-by-Step Solution: Subtracting Negative Numbers

Case 1: Positive Minus Negative

When we are subtracting a negative number from a positive number, the process becomes addition.

Example:

7 − (−4) = 7 + 4 = 11

Case 2: Negative Minus Negative

When we subtract a negative number from a negative number, change the sign of subtraction to addition and change the sign of the second number.

Example:

−6 − (−2) = −6 + 2 = −4

Case 3: Positive Minus Positive

This is normal subtraction whereby you find the difference between two positive numbers.

Example:

9 - 5 = 4

Representing on a Number Line

It is simpler to subtract negative numbers using a number line:

Start at the beginning number (eg, -2).
Shift right for addition (e.g., +4).
The place you end up is your solution (for example, -2 + 4 = 2).

Fun Fact: Did You Know?

The concept of negative numbers was over 2,000 years old! Ancient Indian mathematicians used them to represent debts in financial calculations.

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Deducting negative numbers may look intimidating at first sight, but when you know the rules, it is a tough riddle to crack! Whether you are dealing with positive or negative integers, knowing these operations gives you the confidence to tackle more complicated math problems in the future. For parents wanting new methods of helping their child learn mathematics, join them for 98thPercentile's math courses - where learning the subtraction of negatives becomes possible by engaging in exciting lessons! Join us hand-in-hand in teaching your child math easily and in an enjoyable way!

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